#Android multi android#
#Android multi verification#

Rem Sens-Basel 11(18):2113įu GM, Khider M, Diggelen FV (2020) Android raw GNSS measurement datasets for precise positioning. June 14, 2018įortunato M, Ravanelli M, Mazzoni A (2019) Real-time geophysical applications with android GNSS raw measurements. Springer, New York, pp 285–295Įverett T (2018) Glonass ambiguity resolution with RTKLIB revisited. International Association of Geodesy Symposia, vol 107.

In: Schwarz KP, Lachapelle G (eds) Kinematic systems in geodesy, surveying, and remote sensing. Bull Géodésique 65(2):130–143Įuler HJ, Schaffrin B (1991) On a Measure for the Discernibility between Different Ambiguity Solutions in the Static-Kinematic GPS-Mode. Publications Office of the European Union, LuxembourgĮueler HJ, Goad CC (1991) On optimal filtering of GPS dual frequency observations without using orbit information. Gps Solut 25(1):1–12Įuropean GNSS Agency (2017) Using GNSS raw measurements on android devices.

In: Proceedings of the 32nd international technical meeting of the satellite division of the institute of navigation (ION GNSS+ 2019), Miami, Florida, September 2019, 3932–3945ĭarugna F, Wübbena JB, Wübbena G, Schmitz M, Schn S, Warneke A (2021) Impact of robot antenna calibration on dual-frequency smartphone-based high-accuracy positioning: a case study using the Huawei Mate20X. Sens-Basel 19(12):2835ĭarugna F, Wübbena JB, Ito A, Wübbena T, Schmitz M (2019) RTK and PPP-RTK using smartphones: from short-baseline to long-baseline applications. GPS Solut 25:9Ĭhen B, Gao C, Liu Y, Sun P (2019) Real-time precise point positioning with a Xiaomi MI 8 android smartphone. In: 2020 IEEE/ION position, location and navigation symposium (PLANS), Portland, OR, USA, April 2020, 1140–1154īrack A, Männel B, Schuh H (2020) GLONASS FDMA data for RTK positioning: a five-system analysis. Therefore, the implementation of multi-GNSS ambiguity resolution will further boost the potential of high-precision GNSS positioning for smartphones.īochkati M, Sharma H, Lichtenberger CA, Pany T (2020) Demonstration of fused RTK (Fixed) + inertial positioning using android smartphone sensors only. In the case of the smartphone’s embedded antenna, the ambiguity-fixing rate of five-constellation GNSS dropped to about 60% due to multipath, but the positioning precision of its ambiguity-fixed solutions was still at centimeter level, which was less than one-tenth of its float solutions. Compared with dual-frequency GPS and five-constellation GNSS without phase biases correction, the ambiguity-fixing rate was improved by 30.4% and 99.2%, and the positioning accuracy was improved by 93.4% and 41.8%, respectively. For a ~ 13 km short baseline, when the smartphone is connected to an external survey-grade antenna, the time to first fix was 50 s and the fixing rate was 99.21% with the root mean square (RMS) of positioning errors of 1.32, 1.48 and 1.92 cm for the east, north and up components, respectively. In this way, GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/BDS/QZSS dual-frequency ambiguities are resolved for a representative Xiaomi Mi 8 smartphone.

#Android multi verification#

We propose an on-the-fly phase biases correction method, which introduces reliability verification by resolving only the bias-free ambiguities and estimating the phase bias corrections on-the-fly by gain filtering. As a result, Android multi-GNSS double-difference ambiguity resolution is hindered and the traditional method of correcting for a constant GLONASS IFB rate is no longer applicable. They destroy the integer property of GNSS ambiguities and result in varying GLONASS inter-frequency bias (IFB) rates. In this study, the channel-dependent biases were investigated for the Android GLONASS G1, BDS B1I, Galileo E5a and QZSS L1 carrier phase observations. However, the channel-dependent carrier phase biases within typical smartphone GNSS chipset prevent Android multi-GNSS ambiguity resolution. The availability of GNSS raw measurements and the improved performance of mass-market GNSS chipsets for tracking multi-constellation dual-frequency signals have facilitated the development of smartphone high-precision GNSS positioning.